ABSTRACT
Objective: To identify and analyze cases of OMF treated in an emergency hospital in southern Brazil. Material and Methods: The investigators conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of 1,533 patient medical records. Demographic, seasonal, and clinical variables were collected. Additionally, the medical records also included data on etiological factors, injury site, and tissues involved. A descriptive analysis was conducted based on 1,179 (76.9%) records of OMF injuries. Results: Most patients were male children and adolescents. Accidents (59.7%), such as falls, and interpersonal violence (18.7%), such as physical aggression, were the main etiological factors. Most injuries involved soft tissue (66.4%), especially in the lip region; whereas fractures affected the nasal bones. Transfers and hospitalizations accounted for 8.1% of clinical outcomes and dentists participated in the treatment of 85% of cases. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest a higher prevalence of OMF injuries in men, affecting young people more frequently and showing falls as the main etiological factor. Dentists participated in the majority of the medical care. Future studies will focus on determining risk groups, developing preventive programs, and improving health care services, with the participation of dentists in the multidisciplinary team.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Brazil , Emergency Medical Services , Facial Injuries/diagnosis , Hospitals, Packaged , Retrospective Studies , Soft Tissue Injuries , Cross-Sectional Studies , Delivery of Health Care , Dentists , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Medical Records/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Introduction: pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune mucocutaneous disease, which presents at clinical examination as blisters, erosions and ulcerations of the skin and mucous membranes. Objective: the aim of this study was to review 12 cases of pemphigus vulgaris diagnosed at the Stomatology Department of São Lucas Hospital, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: the medical charts were analyzed considering patients age and sex; anatomic site and clinical aspect of the lesions; as well as symptoms, duration and clinical course of the disease. Results: the mean age of the patients was 46.7 years; most of cases occurred in females (75.0 percent); buccal mucosa was the site most frequently affected (83.3 percent), and 25 percent of cases showed extraoral manifestations. Erosion/ulceration was the most prevalent clinical appearance (83.3 percent), and pain occurred in 100 percent of cases. The mean time of development of the lesions reported by the time of the diagnosis was 12.3 months, and the mean time of follow-up was 2 years. All patients received systemic therapy with prednisone, meanwhile in 58.3 percent of cases it was associated with topic therapy and in 25 percent, with systemic immunosuppressive therapy. One case (8.3 percent) remained in remission regardless of the treatment withdrawal. Conclusion: Pemphigus vulgaris is a disease with important morbidity, which requires the attention of the dentist as a way to achieve early diagnosis(AU)
Introducción: el pénfigo vulgar es una enfermedad autoinmune mucocutánea, que presenta al examen clínico ampollas, erosiones y ulceraciones de la piel y de las membranas mucosas. Objetivo: presentar una revisión de 12 casos de pénfigo vulgar diagnosticados en el Departamento de Estomatología del Hospital São Lucas - Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: los registros médicos fueron evaluados por edad y sexo de los pacientes; el sitio anatómico y el aspecto clínico de las lesiones; así como los síntomas, duración y el curso clínico de la enfermedad. Resutados: la edad media fue 46,7 años y la mayoría de los casos fueron mujeres (75,0 por ciento). La mucosa bucal fue el sitio más frecuentemente afectado (83,3 por ciento) y el 25 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron manifestaciones extraorales de la enfermedad. La presentación clínica ulcerada fue la más frecuente (83,3 por ciento) y el dolor estaba presente en el 100 por ciento de los casos. La duración media de las lesiones en el diagnostico fue de 12,3 meses y el tiempo medio del seguimiento fue de 2 años. Todos los pacientes recibieron la terapia sistémica con prednisona. En el 58,3 por ciento de los casos hubo una asociación con terapia tópica y en el 25 por ciento con terapia inmunosupresora. Uno de los casos (8,3 por ciento) permaneció en remisión después de la interrupción de la terapia. Conclusión: el pénfigo vulgar es una enfermedad con una morbilidad importante, que requiere la atención del dentista como una manera de lograr el diagnóstico temprano(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pemphigus/diagnosis , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Medical Records/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
A queilite actínica é uma lesão cancerizável que acomete principalmente o lábio inferior, cujo fator etiológico está relacionado à exposição crônica aos raios ultravioletas. Possui uma predileção aumentada por indivíduos que apresentam atividade laboral com intensa exposição ao sol. Clinicamente, observam-se áreas maculares brancas ou avermelhadas ou lesões em forma de placas esbranquiçadas resultantes da hiperceratinização do epitélio do lábio, a qual pode progredir para a perda do limite entre a pele, vermelhão do lábio e a mucosa. Essas lesões são geralmente assintomáticas e podem progredir para áreas erosivas e/ou ulceradas. Dentre as diversas formas de tratamento, há a vermelhectomia, que consiste num procedimento cirúrgico para a remoção parcial ou total do vermelhão do lábio, apresentando baixo custo e permitindo a disponibilidade de material para exame anatomopatológico. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar a técnica de vermelhectomia no tratamento de um paciente com diagnóstico de queilite actínica...
Actinic cheilitis is a potentially premalignant condition that is primarily found on the lower lip. Etiology is related to chronic exposure to ultraviolet light and the condition exhibits a strong predilection for people whose work involves intense exposure to the sun. Clinically observable signs include white or reddened areas of maculation or whitish plaques caused by hyperkeratinization of the lip epithelium, which can progress to a point at which the demarcation between the skin, vermillion border of the lip and the mucosa is lost. These lesions are generally asymptomatic but may progress to form areas of erosion and/or ulceration. There are a number of treatments available, one of which, vermilionectomy, is a surgical procedure in which the vermillion border of the lip is partially or totally removed and which, in addition to being inexpensive, offers the advantage of providing material for pathological analysis. The objective of this study is to describe the vermilionectomy technique as used to treat a patient diagnosed with actinic cheilitis...